Studies on High Density Planting and Nutrient Requirement of Banana in Different States of India

Sanjit Debnath; F K Bauri; S Swain; A N Patel; A R Patel; N B Shaik; V P Bhalerao; K Baruah; P R Manju; A Suma; R Menon; Sridhar Gutam; Prakash Patil

doi:10.24154/jhs.v16i2.844

Authors

Sanjit Debnath ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Mohanpur Centre, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal
F K Bauri ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Mohanpur Centre, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal
S Swain ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Bhubaneswar Centre, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar
A N Patel CAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Gandevi Centre, Navsari Agriculture University, Gandevi, Gujarat
A R Patel CAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Gandevi Centre, Navsari Agriculture University, Gandevi, Gujarat
N B Shaik ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Jalgaon Centre, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Maharashtra
V P Bhalerao ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Jalgaon Centre, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Maharashtra
K Baruah ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Jorhat Centre, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam
P R Manju ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Kannara Centre, Kerala Agriculture University, Kerala
A Suma ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Kannara Centre, Kerala Agriculture University, Kerala
R Menon ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Kannara Centre, Kerala Agriculture University, Kerala
Sridhar Gutam ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessarghatta, Bengaluru
Prakash Patil ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessarghatta, Bengaluru

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v16i2.844

Keywords:

Banana, High Density Planting, HDP, Nutrient requirement, Productivity, Grand Naine, Jahaji, Nendran, Martaman, Input Management, Nutrition Strategy

Abstract

An experiment was conducted under the ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Fruits to study the high-density planting (HDP) and nutrient requirement of banana at six research centres across the country, including Bhubaneswar (Orissa), Gandevi (Gujarat), Jalgaon (Maharashtra), Jorhat (Assam), Kannara (Kerala) and Mohanpur (West Bengal) to enable higher productivity of banana and profit to farmers. The objective of this study was to explore the possibility of increasing productivity through the intervention of only per unit plant population (through planting system) and level of nutrition, but without any interference to the regional choices of variety (eg., choice variety Nendran for Kerala or Martaman for West Bengal), production system (mono/poly- clone, single/multi-year plantation, and POP of respective states), for which national productivity ranges are much skewed also. Results indicated that intervention of only plant density could increase the productivity of banana within the existing system of production and choice of a variety of different regions or states. The experiment was laid out in RBD with four planting densities (S₁P₂, S₁P₃, S₂P₂ and S₂P₃, where S₁=2m x 3m, S₂=1.8m x 3.6m, P₂=2 suckers/hill, P₃=3 suckers/hill), three nutrition levels (F₁, F₂ and F₃, which is 100%, 75% and 50% of RDF) and one with region-specific conventional planting density and nutrition (100% of RDF) practices as control. The results of this experiment showed that HDP (S₁P₃, 5000 plants /ha) in banana, accommodating three suckers per hill at 2m x 3m spacing increased productivity over the conventional system at the Bhubaneswar, Gandevi, Jorhat, Kannara and Mohanpur centres. The increase in productivity due to HDP (5,000/ha) over control was 28.9% (RDF 25%) to 50.6% (RDF 100%) at Bhubaneswar, 15.2% (RDF 25%) to 21.9% (RDF 100%) at Gandevi, 4.0% (RDF 25%) to 7.4% (RDF 100%) at Jorhat, 33.5% (RDF 25%) to 43.5% (RDF 100%) at Kannara and 46.5% (RDF 25%) to 79.0% (RDF 100%) at Mohanpur centre. The nutrient requirement under HDP was 100% RDF at Kannara, 75% RDF at Bhubaneswar and Mohanpur and 50% RDF at Gandevi and Jorhat centres, which indicates a saving in cost of fertilizer input by 25% -50%. It is, therefore, recommended for HDP (5000 plants/ha) in banana, accommodating three suckers per hill at 2m x 3m (6.6 ft x 3.8 ft) spacing with 50% RDF in the agro-climatic regions of Gandevi and Jorhat, with 75% RDF in the agro-climatic regions of Bhubaneswar and Mohanpur and with 100% RDF in the agro-climatic region of Kannara in order to ensure higher productivity and profit to farmers.

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