Effect of Pre-Harvest Treatment on Yield, Maturity and Quality of Flame Seedless Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v8i1.331Keywords:
Flame Seedless Grape, Ethephon, Girdling, Thinning, Crop LoadAbstract
To improve fruit quality in grape cv. Flame Seedless, application of Ethephon (400 and 500 ppm) and trunk girdling was done at veraison stage. Cluster thinning was done by retaining 100, 75 and 50% of total number of bunches on the vines, and, the rest were removed immediately after full bloom. Highest yield was obtained in the treatment 100% Crop load + 500ppm Ethephon, followed by 75% Crop load + 500ppm Ethephon. The treatment of 50% Crop load + 500ppm Ethephon resulted in maximum bunch weight, lowest percentage of uneven coloured berries, maximum TSS, minimum acidity and maximum TSS:acid ratio, maximum anthocyanin content, advanced maturity by 9 days and had maximum sensory rating. But, in this treatment, yield was significantly lower than in treatments where either 75% or 100% Crop load was retained. Thus, considering yield as well as quality parameters, the treatment 75% Crop load + 500ppm Ethephon was found to be the best.
References
Ahmad, M.F. and Zargar, G.H. 2005. Effect of trunk girdling, flower thinning, GA3 and Ethephon application on quality characteristics in grape cv. Perlette under temperate Kashmir valley conditions. Indian J. Hort. 62:285-287
Anonymous. 2011. Area and production of different fruits in Punjab State. Directorate of Horticulture, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
Al-Dujaili, J.A.H. 1989. The effects of girdling and Ethephon treatments on ripening, yield quality and fruit characteristics of buhurzy grape cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.). Annal. Agril. Sci. Cairo., 34:675-687
Amutha, R. and Rajendran, C. 2001. Effect of growth regulating chemicals on yield and quality of Thompson Seedless grapes. Res. Crops, 2:332-337
Bhujbal, B.G. and Wavhal, K.N. 1972. Effects of cane girdling on yield and quality of grapes. Res. J. Mahatma Phule Agri. Univ., 3:62-63
Chadha, K.L. and Shikhamany, S.D. 1999. The Grape: Improvement, Production and Post-harvest Management, Malhotra Publishing House, New Delhi
Cheema, S.S., Singh, P. and Dhillon, W.S. 2003. Effects of crop regulation and canopy management on fruit quality and disease incidence in grape. Indian J. Hort., 60:208-213
Dhillon, W.S., Bindra, A.S., Cheema, S.S. and Singh, S. 1990. Effect of cluster thinning on vine yield and fruit quality in Perlette grapes. Pl. Sci. Res., 6:69-71
Dokoozlian, N., Luvisi, D., Moriyana, M. and Schrader, P. 1995. Cultural practices improve colour, size of “Crimson Seedless”. California Agri., 49:36-39
FAO, 2009. www.fao.org/
Fawzi, M.I.F. and Moniem, E.I. 2003. Effect of girdling alone or combined with flower cluster and Ethephon application on fruit set, yield and quality of Black Monukka grapes. J. Agril. Sci., 11:733-750
Ferrer, M. and Gonzalez Neves, G. 2002. Oenological and productive results of the application of different cluster thinning and different winter pruning intensities in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tannat. Agrociencia Montevideo, 6:53-62
Fracaro, A.A. and Boliani, A.C. 2001. Effect of increasing Ethephon in vine ‘rubi’ (Vitis vinifera L.). Revista Brasileira Fruticultura, 23:510-512
Gallegos, J.I., Gonzalez, R., Gonzalez, M.R. and Martin, P. 2006. Changes in composition and colour development of ‘Trempranillo’ grapes during ripening induced by Ethephon treatments at véraison. Acta Hort., 727:505-512
Gill, M.S. 2003. Effect of pruning intensities on fruiting behavior of grape cv. Flame Seedless. M. Sc. Thesis, PAU, Ludhiana
Godara, A.K., Chauhan, K.S. and Kumar, A. 2002. Effect of various pre-harvest treatments on the quality of Thompson Seedless grapes. Harayana J. Hortl. Sci., 31:164-167
Hameed, E.L., Abo, E.L. 2004. Effect of some thinning, girdling and foliar fertilization treatments on shot berries, yield and quality of Ruby Seedless grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.). Assiut J. Agril. Sci., 35:23-36
Hardy, P.J. 1968 Metabolism of sugars and organic acids in immature grape berries. Plant Physiol., 43:224-228
Human, M.A. and Bindon, K.A. 2008. Interactive Effect of Ethephon and shading on the anthocyanin composition of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Crimson Seedless. South African J. Enol. Vitic., 29:50-58
Hyun, D.H., Lee, S.M., Lee, C.H. and Kim, S.B. 1996. Effects of ABA and Ethephon treatments on colouration and fruit quality of Kyoho grape. J. Korean Soc. Hortl. Sci., 37:416-420
Jawanda, J.S. and Vij, V.K. 1971. Effect of gibberellic acid and ringing on fruit set, cluster and berry characters and fruit quality of Thompson Seedless grapes. Indian J. Agril. Sci., 43:346-351
Jindal, P.C. and Naik, S.C.N. 1994. Effect of Ethephon on anthocyanin pigments during ripening in coloured grapes (Vitis vinifera L.). Maharashtra J. Hort., 8:28-31
JinYong, C., JinBao, F., Hong, G., WeiYuan, Z. and Shizhong, W. 2005. Influence of girdling and gibberellic acid applications on the fruit characteristics of grape cv. Red Globe. J. Fruit Sci., 22:610-614
Jensen, F., Kissler, J.J., Peacock, W.L. and Leavitt, G. 1975. Effect of Ethephon on color and fruit characteristics of “Tokay” and “Emperor” table grapes. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 26:79-81
Jensen, F., Christensen, P., Andris, H., Swanson, F., Leavitt, G. and Peacock, W.L. 1980 The effects of Ethephon on Thompson Seedless and raisins. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 31:257-260
Jensen, F., Kissler, J., Peacock, W.L., Leavitt, G.M., Andris, H.L. and Luvisi, D.A. 1982. Color and maturation promotion in table grapes with Ethephon. Proc. Symp. Grape and Wine Cent., Univ. Calif., Davis, USA, pp 118-21.
Josan, J.S., Mehrotra, N.K., Thatai, S.K., Kumar, H., Grewal, I.S. and Sharma, J.N. 2001. Effect of girdling, brushing and GA3 on maturity and fruit quality of grape cv. Perlette. Indian J. Hort., 58:250-253
Kalil, G.P., Da C., Terra, M.M., Kalil, F.A.N., Macedo, J.L.V. and de Pires, E.J.P. 1999. Effect of girdling and gibberellic acid on the fruiting of ‘Maria’ Seedless grapevine. Sci. Agricola, 56:317-328
Kitamura, H., Nakayama, M., Kondou, H., Nishikawa, Y., Koshioka, M. and Hiratsuka, S. 2005. Effect of crop load on the expression of deep colour in ‘Aki Queen’ grape berry. Hort. Res. Japan, 4:343-346
Kliewer, W.M. 1971. Effect of day temperature and light intensity on concentration of malic and tartaric acid in Vitis vinifera L. grapes. J. Am. Soc. Hortl. Sci., 96:372-377
Mahadevan, A. and Sridhar, R. 1986. In: Methods in Physiological Plant Pathology, 3 rd edn., Sivakami Publications, Chennai, pp 192-193
Mehta, P.K. and Chundawat, B.S. 1979. Effect of Ethephon on quality and ripening of Beauty Seedless grape.Vitis, 14:117-121
Panwar, K.S., Sharma, S. and Sehrawat, K.S. 1994. Effect of plant growth regulators on uneven ripening of Beauty Seedless grapes (Vitis vinifera L.). I. Colour development and preharvest berry drop. Int’l. J. Trop. Agri., 12:158-162
Peacock, W.L., Jensen, F., Eise, J. and Leavitt, G. 1977. The effects of girdling and Ethephon treatments on fruit characteristics of Red Malaga. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 28:228-230
Powers, J.R., Shively, E.A. and Nagel, C.W. 1980. Effects of Ethephon on color of Pinot Noir fruit and wine. Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 31:203-205
Reddy, B.M.C. and Prakash, G.S. 1989. Effect of girdling and Ethtrel treatments on berry weight, colour and quality of Gulabi grape. Indian J. Hort., 46:19-22
Roper, T.R. and. Williams L.E. 1989. Net CO2 assimilation and carbohydrate partitioning of grapevine leaves in response to trunk girdling and gibberellic acid application. Plant Physiol., 89:1136-1140
Sharma, S. and Jindal, P.C. 1983. Effect of girdling and Ethephon application on improvement in grapes cv. Early Muscat. Agri. Sci. Digest, 3:13-15
Singh, I.S. and Chundawat, B.S. 1978. Effect of Ethephon on ripening of late grape cultivars. Haryana J. Hortl. Sci., 7:1-2
Singh, S. 1995. Ripening and quality of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) as affected by cluster thinning. Hort. J., 8:9-15
Tarricone, L. 2007. Ampelographic and agronomical characteristics of table grape cv. Maria pia. Italus Hortus, 14:77-81
Williams, L.E. and Ayars, J.E. 2005. Water use of Thompson seedless grapevines as affected by the application of gibberellic acid (GA3 ) and trunk girdling – Practices to increase berry size. Agri. Forest Meteorol., 129:85-94
Yamane, T. and Shibayama, K. 2006. Effect of trunk girdling and crop load level on fruit quality and root elongation
in ‘Aki Queen’ grapes. J. Japanese Soc. Hortl. Sci., 75:439-444
Yahuaca, B., Martinez-Peniche, R., Reyes, J.L. and Madero, E. 2006. Effect of Ethephon and girdling on berry firmness during storage of ‘Malaga Roja’ grape. Acta Hort., 727:459-465
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2013 Mandeep Kaur, M I S Gill, N K Arora (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright. Articles published are made available as open access articles, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 
This journal permits and encourages authors to share their submitted versions (preprints), accepted versions (postprints) and/or published versions (publisher versions) freely under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license while providing bibliographic details that credit, if applicable.
How to Cite
. 
