Effect of Canopy Management Practices during forward Pruning on Berry Development and Photosynthesis in Tas-A-Ganesh Grapes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v9i1.211Keywords:
Grape, Canopy Managements Practices, Photosynthesis, Quality, YieldAbstract
Effect of canopy manipulation during forward pruning on berry development and photosynthetic parameters was studied in Tas-A-Ganesh grape grafted onto Dogridge rootstock. Canopy manipulation including shoot thinning, leaf removal, shoot thinning with leaf removal, and shoot pinching, was done after forward pruning. Significant differences were observed in yield and quality. Shoot thinning to about 40 shoots per vine, with removal of three basal leaves, resulted in significantly higher yield, followed by that in shoot thinning alone. Lowest yield was recorded in the Control. Leaf removal drastically reduced bunch development affecting berry weight, diameter and length compared to other treatments. Among different canopy manipulation treatments, higher average bunch weight was recorded in shoot thinning plus leaf removal, whereas, lowest bunch weight was recorded with leaf removal alone. At harvest, the amount of total soluble solids in berries was low in leaf removal at pre-bloom stage, but increased in the treatment of shoot thinning with leaf removal, at the same stage. Different canopy manipulation treatments had significant impact on photosynthesis and transpiration rates. Overall results indicated that canopy manipulation practices such as shoot thinning, to retain 40 shoots per vine with or without leaf removal, followed by pinching, can be recommended to grape growers.Downloads
References
Fails, B.S., Lewis, A.J. and Barden, J.A. 1982. Net photosynthesis and transpiration of sun- and shade – grown Ficus benjamina leaves. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 107:758-761
Hunter, J.J. and Visser, J.H. 1988a. Distribution of 14 C-photosynthate in the shoot of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon. I. The effect of leaf position and development stage of the vine. S. Afr. J. Enol. Vitic., 9:3-9
Hunter, J.J. and Visser, J.H. 1988b. Distribution of 14 C- photosynthate in the shoot of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon. II. The effect of partial defoliation. S. Afr. J. Enol. Vitic., 9:10-15
Hunter, J.J., and Visser, J.H. 1989. The effect of partial defoliation, leaf position and developmental stage of the vine on leaf chlorophy concentration in relation to the photosynthetic activity and light intensity in the canopy of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon. S. Afr. J. Enol. Vitic., 10:67-73
Hunter, J.J. and Visser, J.H. 1990. The effect of partial defoliation on growth characteristics of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon. I. Vegetative growth. S. Afr. J. Enol. Vitic., 11:18-25
Hunter, J.J., Skrivan, R. and Ruffener, H.P. 1994. Diurnal and seasonal physiological changes in leaves of Vitis vinifera L. CO2 assimilation rates, sugar levels and sucrolytic enzymes activity. Vitis, 33:189-195
Hunter, J.J., Ruffner, H.P., Volschenk, C.G. and LE Roux, D.J. 1995. Partial defoliation of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon/99 Richter: Effect on root growth, canopy efficacy, grape composition and wine quality. Amer. J. Enol. Vitic., 46:306-314
Keller, M. 2009. Managing grapevines to optimize fruit development in a challenging environment: a climate change primer for viticulturists. Aust. J. Grape Wine Res., 16:56-69
Kemp, B. 2010. The effect of the timing of leaf removal on berry ripening, flavour and aroma compounds in Pinot Noir wines. Ph.D. thesis submitted to Lincoln University, New Zealand, pp. 236
Kliewer, W.M. and Dokoozlian, N.K. 2005. Leaf area/crop weight ratios of grapevines: influence on fruit composition and wine quality. Amer. J. Enol. Vitic., 56:170-181
Koblet, W. 1975. Wanderung von Assimilaten uas verschiedenen Rebenblattern wahrend der reifephase der Trauben. Wein-Wiss., 30:241-249
Koblet, W., Candolfi-Vasconcelos, M.C., Aeschimann, E. and Howell, G.S. 1993. Influence of defoliation, rootstock and training system on Pinot Noir grapevines. I. Mobilization and accumulation of assimilates in woody tissue. Vitic. Enol. Sci., 48:104-108
Matthews, M.A. and Anderson, M.M. 1988. Fruit ripening in Vitis vinifera L.: Responses to seasonal water deficits. Amer. J. Enol. Vitic., 39:313-320
Petrie, P., Trought, M. and Howell, G. 2000. Fruit composition and ripening of Pinot Noir (Vitis vinifera L.) in relation to leaf area. Aust. J. Grape Wine Res., 6:46-51
Petrie, P.R., Dunn, G.M., Martin, S.R., Krstic, M.P. and Clin-geleffer, P.R. 2003. Crop stabilization. In: Grape growing at the edge. Australian Society of Viticulture and Oenology Seminar. S.M. Bell et al (Eds.), pp. 11-16, ASVO, Adelaide
Poni, S., Casalini, L., Bernizzoini, F.S., Civardi and Intrieri, C. 2006. Effects of early defoliation on shoot photosynthesis, yield components and grape composition. Amer. J. Enol. Vitic., 57:397-407
Price, S.F., Breen, P.J., Valalladao, M. and Watson, B.Y. 1995. Cluster sun exposure and quercetin in grapes and wine. Amer. J. Enol. Vitic., 46:187-194
Ruffner, H.P., Adler, S. And Rast, D.M. 1990. Soluble and wall associated forms of invertase in vitis vinifera. Phytochem., 29:2083-2086
Smart, R.E., Robinson, J.B., Due, G.R. and Brien, C.J. 1985. Canopy microclimate modification for the cultivar Shiraz II. Effects on must and wine composition. Vitis, 24:119-128
Spayd, S.E., Tarara, J.M., Mee, D.L. and Ferguson, J.C. 2002. Separation of sunlight & temperature effects on compostion of Vitis Vinifera cv. Merlot berries. Amer. J. Eno. Vitic., 53:171-182
Vasconcelos, M.C., Greven, M., Winefield, C.S., Trought, M.C.T. and Raw, V. 2009. The flowering process of Vitis vinifera: A review. Amer. J. Enol. Vitic., 60:411–433
Vasconcelos, S.C. and Castagnoli, S. 2000. Leaf canopy structure and vine performance. Amer. J. Enol. Vitic., 51:390–396
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2014 R G Somkuwar, S D Ramteke, J Satisha, Mahadev Bhange, Prerna Itroutwar (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright. Articles published are made available as open access articles, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 
This journal permits and encourages authors to share their submitted versions (preprints), accepted versions (postprints) and/or published versions (publisher versions) freely under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license while providing bibliographic details that credit, if applicable.
How to Cite
. 
