Assessment of physico-biochemical parameters of Moroccan loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) genotypes using multivariate analysis

G Kabiri; O Kodad; F Hernandez; F Lachkham; H Hanine

doi:10.24154/jhs.v19i1.2041

Authors

G Kabiri Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Surface Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane Beni Mellal, Morocco Author
O Kodad Department of Horticulture and Viticulture, National School of Agriculture, Meknes, Morocco Author
F Hernandez Fruit Growing and Production Techniques Research Group, Institute for Agri-food and Agri-environmental Research and Innovation (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain Author
F Lachkham Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Surface Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane Beni Mellal, Morocco Author
H Hanine Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Surface Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane Beni Mellal, Morocco Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v19i1.2041

Keywords:

Biochemical, Loquat, multivariate, physicochemical, variability

Abstract

The present study was conducted to assess the physico-biochemical variability in 35 genotypes of loquat using multivariate analyses, in order to provide efficient criteria and promising genotypes for the loquat genetic breeding program. Mature fruits were collected from 35 loquat genotypes, belonging to the Zegzel valley, were subjected to physico-biochemical analyses. The results revealed a juice yield ranging from 0.21 to 0.65 g/g FW, and a polyphenols content fluctuating from 322.8 to 366.89 µg GAE. g-1 DM. Regarding DPPH test, with a range of 3.35 and 7.6 µmol TE. g-1 DM, showed a positive correlation with total polyphenol content (r2= 0.76) and flavonoid content (r2= 0.72). Moreover, a negative correlation was recorded between the total soluble solids content and juice yield (r2=- 0.47), which was moderately correlated with vitamin C (r2= 0.59). In addition, the components analysis results revealed a significant and independent contribution of bio-physicochemical
characteristics in the loquat variation. Indeed, biochemical characteristics contribute to PC1, while, physicochemical parameters contribute to PC2 and PC3. Furthermore, the hierarchical clustering analysis classified the 35 genotypes into four homogeneous groups independently of their geographic origin. According to these findings, the genotypes T9, T12, Z16, Z17 and TA9 exhibited high total sugar content, while, genotypes T9 and T11 provide high carotenoids, flavonoids, total polyphenols and antioxidant activity level. As results, these genotypes can be directly recommended for the vegetative propagation as well as applied along with the efficient characters in future loquat breeding programs.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

G Kabiri, Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Surface Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane Beni Mellal, Morocco

Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Surface Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques,
University of Sultan Moulay Slimane Beni Mellal, Morocco
O Kodad, Department of Horticulture and Viticulture, National School of Agriculture, Meknes, Morocco

Department of Horticulture and Viticulture, National School of Agriculture, Meknes, Morocco
F Hernandez, Fruit Growing and Production Techniques Research Group, Institute for Agri-food and Agri-environmental Research and Innovation (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain

Fruit Growing and Production Techniques Research Group, Institute for Agri-food and Agri-environmental Research and Innovation (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University, Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
F Lachkham, Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Surface Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane Beni Mellal, Morocco

Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Surface Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques,
University of Sultan Moulay Slimane Beni Mellal, Morocco
H Hanine, Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Surface Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane Beni Mellal, Morocco

Laboratory of Industrial Engineering and Surface Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques,
University of Sultan Moulay Slimane Beni Mellal, Morocco

References

Abozeid, W.M., & Nadir, AS. (2012). Physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of loquat fruit and its processing. Natural Sciences, 10, 108–113.

Amoros, A., Zapata, P., Pretel, M.T., Botella, M.A., & Serrano, M. (2003). Physico-chemical and physiological changes during fruit development and ripening of five loquat (Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl.) cultivars. Food Science and

Technology International, 9, 43-51. https://doi.org//10.1177/1082013203009001007.

AOAC. (2000). Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. Gaithersburg, MD, USA.

Arantino, A., Frabboni, L., Mazzeo, A., Ferrara, G., & Disciglio, G. )2022. Comparative Evaluation of yield and fruit physico chemical characteristics of five commercial cultivars of pomegranate grown in southeastern italy in two

consecutive years. Horticulturae, 8, 497.

Becerril-Saìnchez, A. L., Quintero-Salazar, B., Dublaìn-Garciìa, O., & Escalona-Buendiìa, H. B. (2021). Phenolic compounds in honey and their relationship with antioxidant activity, botanical origin, and color. Antioxidants, 10, 1700. https:// doi.org/10.3390/antiox10111700

Garen, Y., Chalak, L., Fadel, D., Rizkallah, J., Assadi, F., Georges, A., & Chahine, H. )2016(. Physical and biochemical characterisation of loquat fruit (Eriobotrya Japonica lindl.) varieties in southern Lebanese areas. International

Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences, 6, 239-356.

Gariglio, N., Castillo, Á., Juan, M., Almela, V., & Agustí, M. (2002). Nispero Japonés. Técnica para mejorar la calidad del fruto’. Divulgació Tècnica nº52, Generalidad Valenciana. C.A.P.A., Valencia, pp. 61.

Hong-Xia, X., Xiao-Ying, L., & Jun-Wei, C. (2014). Comparison of phenolic compound contents and antioxidant capacities of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) fruits. Food Science and Biotechnology, 23, 2013-2020.

Hussain, A. N. A., Abbasi, I. A., Hafiz, A., & Shakor Naqvi, S. M. S. (2011). Performance of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) genotypes under agroecological conditions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan’. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 13(5), 746–750.

Leguizamón, J. E. & Badenes, M. L. (2003). Multivariate analysis as a tool for germplasm studies, example of analysis of germplasm loquat data. Acta Horticulturae, 606, 29-34.

Matias, R., Silva, D., Miranda, P., Oliveira, J., Pimentel, L., & Bruckner, C.H. (2016). Relationship between fruit traits and contents of ascorbic acid and carotenoids in peach’. Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 16(04), 348-354.

Mohammadi, S. A. & Prasanna, B. M. (2003). Analysis of genetic diversity in crop plantssalient statistical tools and considerations. Crop Sciences, 43(4), 1235-1248.

Muflihah, Y., Gollavelli, G., & Ling, Y. (2021). Correlation Study of antioxidant activity with phenolic and flavonoid compounds in 12 Indonesian indigenous herbs. Antioxidants, 10, 1530. https:// doi.org/10.3390/antiox10101530.

ORMVAM (Regional Office of Agricultural Value of Moulouya). (2021). Published on Map News (https://www.mapnews.ma/fr.)

Serrano, M., Zapata, P.J., Pretel, M.T., Almansa, M.S., Botella, M.A., & Amorós A. (2003). Changes in organic acids and sugar levels during ripening of five loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) cultivars. Options Mediterranea, 58, 157-160.

Singleton, V.L. & Rossi J.A. (1965). Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic –phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16, 144–158.

Sun, H., Chen, W., Jiang, Y., He, Q., Li, X., Guo, Q., Xiang, S., Xi, W., & Liang, G. (2020). Characterization of volatiles in red- and whitefleshed loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) fruits by electronic nose and headspace solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Food Science and Technology, 40, 10.

Viera, W., Samaniego, I., Camacho, D., Habibi, N., Ron, L., Sediqui, N., Álvarez, J., Viteri, P., Sotomayor, & A., Merino, J., et al. (2022). Phytochemical Characterization of a tree tomato (Solanum Betaceum Cav.) Breeding population grown in the inter-andean valley of Ecuador’. Plants, 11, 268.

Virginia, P.V. & Juan José, H.M. (2011). Maduración Del Níspero Japonés (Eriobotrya Japonica Lindl.) Cv. Algerie: Carácter Climatérico E Índices De Recolección. pp. 100.

Xu, H.X. & Chen, J.W. (2011). Commercial quality, major bioactive compound content and antioxidant capacity of 12 cultivars of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) fruits. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91(6), 1057–1063.