Standardization for Drying, Bleaching and Dyeing Processes in Dried Flowers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v8i1.337Keywords:
Dry Flowers, Glycerinization, Desiccants, Bleaching, DyeingAbstract
An experiment was conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, during 2009-2010 to standardize processing techniques for dried flower production. Foliage of silver oak (Grevillea robusta), thuja (Thuja orientalis) and camellia (Camellia reticulata) was best preserved by glycerinization; leaves were soft and pliable, with lowest moisture and highest overall acceptability. In the case of fully-opened flowers in button-type chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum grandiflorum), gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) and plumeria (Plumeria alba), a combination of sand and silica gel, and microwave-oven embedded method was found to be suitable for drying, with high overall acceptability. Dried pods of jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia) and castanospermum (Castanospermum australe) were fully bleached by soaking overnight in 10% sodium hydroxide and subsequent treatment with 2% sodium hydroxide + 2.5% sodium silicate + 35% hydrogen peroxide. Bleached pods were given dye treatments where acrylic dyes showed good dyeing consistency, light fastness, wash fastness and rubbing fastness.Downloads
References
Alleman, E. 1994. Here to stay, from ‘The Rose Ette’ http://www.houstonrose.org/hrshere.htm
Anonymous. 2000. Preserving Flowers. www.pp.missouri.edu/newsletters/meg/archives/v14n7/
Anonymous. 2004. Regular Microwave Flower Press Large Microwave Flower Press.www.leevalley.com/html/gm420ie.pdf
Anonymous. 2010. Dyeing of dry flowers. http://handicraft.indiamart.com/ products/ decorative-items/dry-flowers/storing-preserving-dry-flowers.html
Bhattacharjee, S.K. and Palanikumar, S. 1999. Drying of ornamental flowers. Agro India, November, 25-27
David Trinklein. 1998. Collecting Natural Materials. Website: www.arte-lessons.com/pdf/collecting.pdf
Deepthi Singh and Santhosh Kumar 2008. Dry flowers add natural splendor indoors. Floriculture Today, 13:42-48
Gulrajani, M.L. and Sukumar, N. 1985. Optimization of a single stage preparatory process for cotton using sodium chlorite. Textile Res. J., 56:476-83
Lourdusamy, D.K. 1998. Standardizing drying and bleaching techniques of dry flowers. M.Sc. thesis submitted to Tamil Nadu Agriculture University, Coimbatore
Mercer Jo. 1996. Horticulture Information Leaflet 8111 North Carolina Cooperative. www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/hil/pdf/hil-8111.pdf
Norman Winter. 1998. Preserving Flowers and Leaves. www.extension.umd.edu/publications/PDFs/FS556.pdf
Nirmala, A., Chandrasekar, R., Padma, M. and Rajkumar, M. 2008. Standardization of drying techniques of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus). J. Orn. Horti., 11:168-172
Papparozzi, E.T. and Mc. Callister. 1988 Glycerol and microwave preservation of annual statice (Limonium sinuatum Mill). Sci. Hort., 34:293-299
Patil, S.K. 2007. Post Harvest Management and Value Addition of Flowers.www.sikkimfloriculture.com/PDF/Post_Harvest%20pdf.pdf
Paul Dubois and Daryl Joyce. 2005. Farm note 10/89: Drying cut flowers and foliage. www.agric.wa.gov.au/objtwr/imported_assets/.../fn010_1989.pdf pp: 33-44
Rengasamy, P. 1998. Dry flowers and foliage - An under- exploited industry. TNAU Souvenir, Coimbatore, India
Roberts, A. 1997. Preserve those spring flowers. http//www.xtention.unr.edu/south/garden/flower.html
Samanta, A.K., Deepali Singhee and Basu, G. 2007. Hydrogen peroxide and potassium per-oxo-Sulphate combined room temperature bleaching of jute, cotton and jute – cotton union. Ind. J. Fibre Text. Res., 32:221-231
Susan, C. 1990. Preserving plant materials. www.williamsburgmarketplace.com
Thomler, J. 1997. Drying flowers and leaves. http://www.nectar.com.au/jascraig/craft/dried.html
Van Dam Jan, E.G., Van den Oever, M.J.A. and Edwin, R.P. Keijsers 2002. Production process for high density high performance binderless boards from whole coconut husk. Industrial Crop Prod., 20:97-101
Verey, R. 1994. The flower arranger garden, drying flowers. Website: twep-webmaster@pathfinder.com.
White, P. 2007. Drying and Preserving Plant Materials. www.edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/ep/ep00400.pdf
Zeronian, S.H. and Inglesby, M.K. 1995. Bleaching of cellulose by hydrogen peroxide. Cellulose, 2:265-272
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2013 M Jawaharlal, M Visalakshi, S Cintu, M Ganga (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright. Articles published are made available as open access articles, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 
This journal permits and encourages authors to share their submitted versions (preprints), accepted versions (postprints) and/or published versions (publisher versions) freely under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license while providing bibliographic details that credit, if applicable.
How to Cite
. 
