Pollen viability and in vitro pollen germination in chrysanthemum (Dendranthema x grandiflora Tzvelv.)

Authors

  • Kumar S. Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya - 224 229, Uttar Pradesh, India Author
  • Kumar R. ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru - 560 089, India Author
  • Rajasekharan P.E. ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru - 560 089, India Author
  • Dhananjaya M.V. ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru - 560 089, India Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v19i2.3299

Keywords:

Chrysanthemum, pollen germination, pollen viability, polyethylene glycol 4000, sucrose

Abstract

Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema x grandiflora Tzvelv.), is one of the commercially grown flower crops worldwide, valued for its cut flower, loose flower, pot mums, bedding etc. To overcome the challenges for cross breeding in chrysanthemum, the access to viable pollen, cultivar distant in location and difference in flowering, are required. Low pollen viability along with self-incompatibility are mainly responsible for low seed set in modern chrysanthemum cultivars. In the present study, pollen viability was tested by staining pollen with Alexander staining solution and examined under light microscope (20X). In vitro pollen germination was investigated in 10 chrysanthemum genotypes with different concentrations of sucrose (0, 5%, 10%, and 15%), PEG4000 (0, 10%, 20% and 30%) and their combination, as basal medium. Significant differences were observed among genotypes with respect to pollen viability, which was recorded highest in Red Stone (95.02%) followed by IIHR6-26 (88.20%), IIHR9-3 (87.44%), Sweta Singar (85.59%), Kalpana (79.97%), IIHR2-7 (73.50%), and White Andaman (64.14%), while, lowest pollen viability was recorded in IIHR6-29 (49.55%). Negligible in vitro pollen germination was observed among the genotypes when sucrose was used as pollen germination medium. However, highest germinability of pollen was recorded at 20% PEG4000 in IIHR9-3 (43.57%) followed by Kalpana (19.43%) and IIHR6-29 (19.34%). The best media for in vitro pollen germination was 15% sucrose + 30% PEG. Irrespective of different media combination, the genotypes namely, IIHR9-3, IIHR2-7 and IIHR6-26 showed better in vitro pollen germination. These results provide a valuable background to the
conventional breeding to create hybrids through cross-pollination.

Author Biographies

  • Kumar S., Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya - 224 229, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, The College of Horticulture and Forestry,
    Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya - 224 229, Uttar Pradesh, India

  • Kumar R., ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru - 560 089, India

    Division of Flower and Medicinal Crops, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru - 560 089, India

  • Rajasekharan P.E., ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru - 560 089, India

    Division of Flower and Medicinal Crops, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru - 560 089, India

  • Dhananjaya M.V., ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru - 560 089, India

    Division of Vegetable Crops, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru - 560 089, India

References

Anonymous. (2023). Area and production of horticulture crops for 2022-23 (Final Estimates). Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. https://agriwelfare.gov.in/en/StatHortEst

Chen, F. D., Li, F. T., & Chen, S. M. (2009). Meiosis and pollen germinability in small-flowered anemone type chrysanthemum cultivars. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 280(3-4), 143-151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-009-0173-9

ChunQing, S., FaDi, C., WeiMin, F., ZhaoLei, L., XiLin, H., & NianJun, T. (2009). Pollen viability, pistil receptivity, and embryogenesis in the cross between Dendranthema indicum and D. grandiflorum. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 29(7), 1335-1341.

Dafni, A., & Firmage, D. (2000). Pollen viability and longevity: Practical, ecological, and evolutionary implications. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 222, 113–132. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00984098

Hongbo, Z., Fadi, C., & Weimin, F. (2005). Pollen germination in vitro of chrysanthemum cultivars with small inflorescences and several species of Dendranthema. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 28(2), 22-27.

Ikeda, H., & Numata, S. (1998). Pollen storage of chrysanthemum. Acta Horticulturae, 454, 329-333. https://doi.org/10.17660/ACTAHORTIC.1998.454.38

Impe, D., Reitz, J., Köpnick, C., Rolletschek, H., Börner, A., Senula, A., & Nagel, M. (2020). Assessment of pollen viability for wheat. Frontiers in Plant Science, 22. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01588

Jayaprakash, P., Sheeba, D., Vikas, V. K., Sivasamy, M., & Sabesan, T. (2018). Development of pollen germination medium to test pollen viability of eggplant and its wild species. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 75(2), 237-244. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-0112.2018.00041.5

Kawase, K., & Tsukamoto, Y. (1977). Studies on breeding in chrysanthemum, Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat, I. Self-fertility. Journal of Japanese Society for Horticultural Sciences, 46, 101-112.

Koshy, K. C., & Jee, G. (2001). Studies on the absence of seed set in Bambusa vulgaris. Current Science, 81(4), 375-378.

Mao, H. Y., Cui, W. S., & Wang, Y. B. (2004). Pollen germination and vitality of ground-cover chrysanthemum group. Liaoning Forestry Science and Technology, 5.

Miao, H. (2011). Research on the pollen germination of Dendranthema indicum var. aromaticum. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 2011(33).

Qi, H., Fang, H., Peng, L., & Gen-di, X. (2006). Effect of PEG4000, sucrose, and pH on pollen germination in Heptacodium miconioides. Hungarian Agricultural Science, 2006(2).

Stanley, R. G., & Linskens, H. F. (1974). Viability tests. In R. G. Stanley & H. F. Linskens (Eds.), Pollen (pp. 67-86). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-65905-8_6

Sun, C., Chen, F., Teng, N., Liu, Z., Fang, W., & Hou, X. (2010). Factors affecting seed set in the crosses between Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura and its wild species. Euphytica, 171, 181–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-009-0005-6

Wilcock, C., & Neiland, R. (2002). Pollination failure in plants: Why it happens and when it matters. Trends in Plant Science, 7(6), 270-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1360-1385(02)02258-6

Xu, L., Liu, C. L., Wang, H. D., & Chen, K. L. (2012). Study on the pollen viability and stigma receptivity of Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Fubaiju’. Zhong Yao Cai, 35(10), 1546-1550.

Yang, J. S., & Endo, M. (2005). In vitro germination and viability of Dendranthema pollen. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 4(6), 673-677.

Yong-ping, Z., Ya, Z., Xiao-ling, Z., Yong-kang, Q., Xiu-hua, Z., & Mei-xiu, Z. (2010). Effects of sucrose and polyethylene glycol concentration on pollen germination in marigold. Northern Horticulture, 2010(14).

Zhao, H., Chen, F., Wang, Y., Chen, S., Fang, W., & Guo, W. (2008). Study on pollen viability, longevity, and pistil receptivity of self-compatible chrysanthemum with small inflorescences. Acta Horticulturae, 766. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.766.53

Downloads

Published

22-10-2024

How to Cite

Sunny, D. S. K., Kumar, R., P. E., R., & M.V., D. (2024). Pollen viability and in vitro pollen germination in chrysanthemum (Dendranthema x grandiflora Tzvelv.). Journal of Horticultural Sciences, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v19i2.3299

Similar Articles

11-20 of 83

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)