Hybrid analysis for ToLCV resistance in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) andmolecular validation of Ty-3 gene
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v20i1.2964Keywords:
Molecular screening, SCAR marker, Solanum lycopersicum L, ToLCV, Ty-3 gene, yieldAbstract
Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are widely recognized as a nutritious food due to their rich content of essential nutrients. Their growing popularity in recent years is largely attributed to lycopene, a powerful antioxidant known for its anti-cancer properties. However, the tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) represents a substantial risk to tomato crops at global level resulting in 100% crop loss. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and screen the tomato hybrids for ToLCV resistance and validate the presence of Ty-3 gene.The study involved evaluating 12 parents, 8 hybrids and 7 double cross hybrids carrying Ty-3 genes, which underwent screening at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. Assorted array of co-dominant sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers were utilised to assess the resistance genes linked with tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV), focusing specifically on Ty-3. The chosen markers P6-25, FLUW-25F and SCAR-1 demonstrated high reliability in distinguishing susceptible and resistant lines, facilitating the efficient identification of homozygous or heterozygous alleles relevant to ToLCV resistance. The screening resulted in the identification of three resistant parents (CBESL159, CBESL162 and CBESL169), two hybrids (H5-CBESL133×CBESL169 and H7-CBESL146×CBESL162) and two double hybrids (H5xH7 and H4xH5). These promising parents hold potential as parental materials for developing lines or hybrids with genes providing strong and enduring resistance against ToLCV and yield improvement. The double hybrids can be used for development of breeding lines.
Downloads
References
Babu, M. R., Reddy, R. K., Reddy, K. R., Rani, A. S., & Saidaiah, P. (2018). Genetic improvement for yield, quality and leaf curl virus resistance in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(1), 1048–1055.
Banerjee, M. K., & Kalloo, M. K. (1987). Sources and inheritance of resistance to leaf curl virus in Lycopersicon. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 73, 707–710. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00260780
Chen, R., Kang, S., Hao, X., Li, F., Du, T., Qiu, R., & Chen, J. (2015). Variations in tomato yield and quality in relation to soil properties and evapotranspiration under greenhouse conditions. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.09.047
Diaz-Pendon, J. A., Cañizares, M. C., Moriones, E., Bejarano, E. R., Czosnek, H., & Navas-Castillo, J. (2010). Tomato yellow leaf curl viruses: Ménage à trois between the virus complex, the plant and the whitefly vector. Molecular Plant Pathology, 11(4), 441–450. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2010.00618
Dhital, S., Yadav, R. K., Lata, S., Hussain, Z., Choudhary, H., Solanke, A. U., & Vinay, N. D. (2023). Morphological characterization and molecular validation for ToLCV resistance (Ty-2 and Ty-3 genes) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 93(7), 726–731. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i7.132706
Dong, P., Han, K., Siddique, M. I., Kwon, J., Zhao, M., Wang, F., & Kang, B. (2016). Gene-based markers for the tomato yellow leaf curl virus resistance gene ty-3. https://doi.org/10.9787/PBB.2016.4.1.79
Doyle, J. J., & Doyle, J. L. (1987). A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochemical Bulletin, 19, 11–15.
Fentik, D. A. (2017). Review on genetics and breeding of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). Advances in Crop Science and Technology, 5(5), 306.
Gharib, M. A. A. H., Qabil, N., Salem, A. H., Ali, M. M. A., Awaad, H. A., & Mansour, E. (2021). Characterization of wheat landraces and commercial cultivars based on morpho-phenological and agronomic traits. Cereal Research Communications, 49, 149–159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-020-00077-2
Ji, Y., Betteray, B., Smeets, J., Jensen, K. S., & Mejia, L. (2007). Co-dominant SCAR marker P6-25 for detection of Ty-3, Ty-3a and Ty-3b introgressions from three Solanum chilense accessions at 25 cM of chromosome 6 of begomovirus-resistant tomatoes.
Kumar, A., Jindal, S. K., Dhaliwal, M. S., Sharma, A., Kaur, S., & Jain, S. (2019). Gene pyramiding for elite tomato genotypes against ToLCV (Begomovirus spp.), late blight (Phytophthora infestans) and RKN (Meloidogyne spp.) for northern India farmers. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 25, 1197–1209. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-019-00700-5
Martin, C. T., Salus, M. S., Garcia, B., Jensen, K. S., Montes, L., Zea, C., & Maxwell, D. P. (2007). Evaluation of PCR-based markers for scanning tomato chromosomes for introgressions from wild species. Report of the Tomato Genetics Cooperative, 57, 31–34.
Nevame, A. Y. M., Xia, L., Nchongboh, C. G., Hasan, M. M., Alam, M. A., Yongbo, L., & Longting, S. (2018). Development of a new molecular marker for the resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus. BioMed Research International. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8120281
Pico, B., Díez, M. J., & Nuez, F. (1996). Viral diseases causing the greatest economic losses to the tomato crop. II. The tomato yellow leaf curl virus—A review. Scientia Horticulturae, 67(3–4), 151–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4238(96)00945-4
Prasanna, H. C., Kashyap, S. P., Krishna, R., Sinha, D. P., Reddy, S., & Malathi, V. G. (2015). Marker-assisted selection of Ty-2 and Ty-3 carrying tomato lines and their implications in breeding tomato leaf curl disease resistant hybrids. Euphytica, 204, 407–418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-015-1357-8
Purushothaman, J. (2023). ToLCV and nematode resistance through multi-parental advance generation intercross (MAGIC) (Ph.D. thesis). Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore.
Purushothaman, J., Saraswathi, T., Kalaimagal, T., Swarnapriya, R., Karthikeyan, M., & Anitha, A. (2022). Selection of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) lines for fresh and processing market through multivariate analysis. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 13(3), 940–946. https://doi.org/10.37992/2022.1303.123
Rangana, S. (1979). Manual of analysis of fruit and vegetable products (pp. 2–95). Tata McGraw-Hill.
Salus, M. S., Martin, C. T., & Maxwell, D. P. (2007). PCR protocol for the co-dominant SCAR marker FLUW-25 for detection of the introgression at 25 cM (Ty-3 locus) of chromosome 6. University of Wisconsin–Madison.
Sharma, P., Thakur, S., & Negi, R. (2019). Recent advances in breeding of tomato: A review. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 8(3), 1275–1283. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.803.151
Sharma, O., Mahajan, R., & Singh, S. S. (1984). Field reaction of some root-knot resistant tomato varieties and hybrids to tobacco mosaic and tobacco leaf curl viruses. Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology, 14(2).
Singh, H., & Janeja, H. S. (2018). Assessment of genetic variability in elite germplasm of tomato. Plant Archives, 18(2), 2803–2806.
Vijeth, S., Dhaliwal, M. S., Jindal, S. K., & Sharma, A. (2018). Evaluation of tomato hybrids for resistance to leaf curl virus disease and for high-yield production. Horticulture, Environment and Biotechnology, 59, 699–709. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-018-0080-5
Downloads
Published
Data Availability Statement
NA
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 R Shanmugabhavatharani, T Saraswathi, M Kavitha, N Manivannan, N Seenivasan, S Harish (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright. Articles published are made available as open access articles, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 
This journal permits and encourages authors to share their submitted versions (preprints), accepted versions (postprints) and/or published versions (publisher versions) freely under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license while providing bibliographic details that credit, if applicable.
. 
